Historical Reading of the Arab Presence in China during the Reign of the Qubailai Khan Dynasty Emperors (670-770 Ah/1271-1368 AD)

Ekhlas Mohammad Al-Eide

Abstract


Abstract

The nucleus of the Arab presence in China was formed by groups of Arab merchants, who had arrived in China centuries before Islam via the sea silk route. As Islam spread, the influx of Arab merchants to China increased; thanks to the call for Islam for trade among nations.

The Arab presence in China witnessed significant support during the rule of the Qubailai Khan Emperors. This study examines the governance policies adopted by the Qubailai Khan emperors and which had an impact on granting the Islamic community in the states of China many privileges, which encouraged them to settle in that country.

The results of the study showed that the Arab and Islamic communities in China lived under the rule of the Qubailai Khan emperors in their own districts called Fang Feng. At the time, all Muslims of all nationalities were free to practice their religious rites.

 

 

 

 

 

قراءة تاريخية للوجود العربي في الصين إبان حكم أباطرة أسرة قوبيلاي خان

(670-770ه/1271-1368م)

 

ملخص

تشكلت نواة الوجود العربي في الصين من مجموعات متفرقة من التجار العرب، كانت قد وصلت إلى بلاد الصين قبل الإسلام بعدة قرون عبر طريق الحرير البحري والبري. ولما انتشر الإسلام زاد توافد التجار العرب إلى الصين؛ بفضل الدعوة إلى الإسلام وتشجيع الدين الإسلامي للحركة التجارية بين الدول.

شهد الوجود العربي في الصين دعماً وتأييداً ملحوظاً خلال حكم أباطرة أسرة قوبيلاي خان. وتبحث هذه الدراسة في سياسات الحكم التي تبناها أباطرة هذه الأسرة وكان لها أثر في منح الجالية العربية والإسلامية في ولايات الصين العديد من الامتيازات الدينية والاجتماعية والاقتصادية؛ مما شجعها على الاستقرار في تلك البلاد.

أظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن الجاليات العربية والإسلامية في الصين عاشت إبان حكم أباطرة أسرة قوبيلاي خان في أحياء خاصه بهم سُميت بـ(فانفانغ) وفيها تمتع المسلمون جميعاً على اختلاف قومياتهم بحرية ممارسة شعائرهم الدينية، كما تمكنوا من إدارة (فانفانغ) بنظام داخلي بُني على تعاليم الدين الإسلامي.

 


Keywords


Arab Community, Qubailai Khan, Mongol, Religious Tolerance Policy, Fang Feng. الجاليات العربية، قوبيلاي خان، المغول، سياسة التسامح الديني، )فانفانغ(.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.35682/1211

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